Manage NFS networking using the CLI

This page describes how to configure the NFS networking using the CLI.

Using the CLI, you can:

• Configure the NFS global settings

• Configure the NFS cluster level

• Integrate the NFS and Kerberos service

• Configure the NFS export level (permissions)

Configure the NFS global settings

NFSv4 and Kerberos require a persistent cluster-wide configuration filesystem for the protocol's internal operations.

Use the following command line to set the NFS configuration on the configuration filesystem:

weka nfs global-config set [--mountd-port mountd-port] [--config-fs config-fs] [--lockmgr-port lockmgr-port] [--statmon-port statmon-port] [--notify-port notify-port] [--acl acl] [--extended-stats extended-stats] [--default-acl-type default-acl-type] [--default-supported-versions default-supported-versions]... [--enable-auth-types enable-auth-types]... [--no-restart]

• To support NFS file-locking, ensure the system meets the prerequisites outlined in NFS file-locking support.

• For the default published ports, see the Required ports.

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
mountd-port	Set the alternate port if the existing mountd service is not operating on the default published port. 0 means use the default published port.	0
config-fs*	The predefined filesystem name for maintaining the persisting cluster-wide protocols' configurations. Verify that the filesystem is already created. If not, create it. For details, see #dedicated-filesystem-requirement-for-persistent-protocol-configurations
lockmgr-port	Set the alternate port for the NFS lock manager used in NFSv3. 0 means use the default published port.	0
statmon-port	Set the alternate port for the NFS status monitor used in NFSv3. 0 means use the default published port.	0
notify-port	Set the alternate port for notification used in NFSv3. 0 means use the default published port.	0
acl	Enables or disables NFSv4 ACL. Options are: on or off.	on
default-acl-type	Specifies the default ACL type. Options are none, posix, nfsv4, or hybrid. For details, see Access Control List (ACL) in NFS.	posix
default-supported-versions	Determines the default NFS version. Possible values: v3 v4 v3,v4	v3
extended-stats	Enable or disable NFS statistics collection for each client and permission. Possible values: on or off	on
enable-auth-types	A comma-separated list of authentication types that can be used when setting the NFS client permissions. Possible values: none,sys,krb5,krb5i,krb5p Example: krb5,krb5i,krb5p	Depends on Kerberos configuration: If not configured: none,sys If configured: krb5
no-restart	Prevents the restart of NFS-W containers when applying changes.	False

Show NFS global configuration

Command: weka nfs global-config show

Example

$ weka nfs global-config show
NFS Global Configuration
   mountd port: 0
     Config FS: .config_fs
   acl: on
   default acl type: posix
   Default Supported Versions: V3
   Enabled Auth Types: KRB5, KRB5i, KRB5p
   Default Auth Types: KRB5
   Supported Auth Types: NONE, SYS, KRB5, KRB5i, KRB5p

The parameters Default Auth Types and Supported Auth Types are determined internally.

Configure the NFS cluster level

Create interface groups

Command: weka nfs interface-group add

Use the following command line to add an interface group:

weka nfs interface-group add <name> <type> [--subnet subnet] [--gateway gateway]

Example

weka nfs interface-group add nfsw NFS --subnet 255.255.255.0 --gateway 10.0.1.254

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
name*	Unique interface group name.
type*	Group type. Can only be NFS.
subnet	The valid subnet mask in the 255.255.0.0 format.	255.255.255.255
gateway	Gateway valid IP.	255.255.255.255

Set interface group ports

Commands:

weka nfs interface-group port add

weka nfs interface-group port delete

Use the following command lines to add or delete an interface group port:

weka nfs interface-group port add <name> <container-id> <port>

weka nfs interface-group port delete <name> <container-id> <port>

Example

The following command line adds the interface enp2s0 on the Frontend container-id 3 to the interface group named nfsw.

weka nfs interface-group port add nfsw 3 enp2s0

Parameters

Name	Value
name*	Interface group name.
container-id*	Valid frontend container ID on which the port resides. You can obtain the container ID by running the weka cluster container command.
port*	Valid port's device. Maximum 14 characters. Example: eth1.

Set interface group IPs

Commands:

weka nfs interface-group ip-range add

weka nfs interface-group ip-range delete

Use the following command lines to add/delete an interface group IP:

weka nfs interface-group ip-range add <name> <ips>

weka nfs interface-group ip-range delete <name> <ips>

Example

The following command line adds IPs in the range 10.0.1.101 to 10.0.1.118 to the interface group named nfsw.

weka nfs interface-group ip-range add nfsw 10.0.1.101-118

Parameters

Name	Value
name*	Interface group name
ips*	Valid IP range

Configure the service mountd port

The mountd service receives requests from clients to mount to the NFS server. It is possible to set it explicitly rather than have it randomly selected on each server startup. This allows an easier setup of the firewalls to allow that port.

Use the following command lines to set and view the mountd configuration:

weka nfs global-config set --mountd-port <mountd-port>

weka nfs global-config show

Configure user group resolution

NFS-W can authenticate more than 16 user groups, but it requires the external resolution of the user's groups, which means associating users with their respective group-IDs outside of the NFS protocol.

Procedure

1. Configure interface groups:

   • See Create interface groups.

2. Configure NFS client permissions:

   • See Set the NFS client permissions.

3. Set up servers for group-IDs retrieval:

   • Configure relevant servers to retrieve user group-IDs information. This task is specific to NFS-W and does not involve WEKA management. See the following procedure.

Set up the servers to retrieve user's group-IDs information

For the servers that are part of the interface group, set the servers to retrieve the user's group-IDs information in any method that is part of the environment.

You can also set the group resolution by joining the AD and Kerberos domains or using LDAP with a read-only user.

Configure the sssd on the server to serve as a group IDs provider. For example, you can configure the sssd directly using LDAP or as a proxy to a different nss group IDs provider.

Example: set sssd directly for nss services using LDAP with a read-only user

[sssd]
services = nss
config_file_version = 2
domains = LDAP

[domain/LDAP]
id_provider = ldap
ldap_uri = ldap://ldap.example.com
ldap_search_base = dc=example,dc=com

# The DN used to search the ldap directory with. 
ldap_default_bind_dn = cn=ro_admin,ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com

# The password of the bind DN.
ldap_default_authtok = password

If you use another method than the sssd but with a different provider, configure an sssd proxy on each relevant server. The proxy is used for the WEKA container to resolve the groups by any method defined on the server.

To configure sssd proxy on a server, use the following:

# install sssd
yum install sssd

# set up a proxy for WEKA in /etc/sssd/sssd.conf
[sssd]
services = nss
config_file_version = 2
domains = proxy_for_weka

[nss]
[domain/proxy_for_weka]
id_provider = proxy
auth_provider = none
 
# the name of the nss lib to be proxied, e.g., ldap, nis, winbind, vas4, etc.
proxy_lib_name = ldap

All users must be present and resolved in the method used in the sssd for the group's resolution. In the above example, using an LDAP-only provider, local users (such as a local root) absent in LDAP do not receive their groups resolved and are denied. For such users or applications, add the LDAP user.

Integrate the NFS and Kerberos service

Integrating the NFS and Kerberos service is critical to setting up a secure network communication process. This procedure involves defining the Key Distribution Center (KDC) details, administrative credentials, and other parameters to ensure a robust and secure authentication process.

Before you begin

• Ensure a configuration filesystem is set. See Configure the NFS global settings.

• Ensure the NFS cluster is configured and running. see Configure the NFS cluster level.

• For Active Directory (AD) integration, obtain the required information from the AD administrator. (WEKA handles the generation of the keytab file.)

• For MIT integration, ensure the following:

  • Obtain the required information from the MIT Key Distribution Center (KDC) and OpenLDAP administrators.

  • A pre-generated keytab file in format stored in an accessible location is required.

In all KDC and LDAP parameters, use the FQDN format. The hostname part of the FQDN is restricted to a maximum of 20 characters.

Set the Kerberos service

Command: weka nfs kerberos service setup

Use the following command to set up NFS Kerberos Service information:

weka nfs kerberos service setup <kdc-realm-name> <kdc-primary-server> <kdc-admin-server> [--kdc-secondary-server kdc-secondary-server][--force] [--restart]

Example

weka nfs kerberos service setup WEKA-REALM kdc.primary.weka.io kdc.admin.weka.io --kdc-secondary-server kdc.secondary.weka.io

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
kdc-realm-name*	Specifies the realm (domain) used by Kerberos.
kdc-primary-server*	Identifies the server hosting the primary Key Distribution Center service.
kdc-admin-server*	Identifies the server hosting the administrative Key Distribution Center service.
kdc-secondary-server	Identifies the server hosting the secondary Key Distribution Center service.
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured or registered.	Not used
restart	When used, the command restarts the NFS-W containers after the changes are applied.	Not used

Show NFS Kerberos service setup information

Command: weka nfs kerberos service show

Example

$ weka nfs kerberos service show
REALM NAME          PRIMARY SERVER           SECONDARY SERVER   ADMIN SERVER           GENERATION ID     SERVICE STATUS
TEST.WEKALAB.IO     Zeus.test.wekalab.io                        Zeus.test.wekalab.io   1                 CONFIGURED

Integrate Kerberos with AD

Integrating Kerberos with AD involves the following:

1. Register Kerberos with AD

2. Set up Kerberos to use AD LDAP

Register Kerberos with AD

Command: weka nfs kerberos registration setup-ad

Use the following command to register the Kerberos with Microsoft Active Directory:

weka nfs kerberos registration setup-ad <nfs-service-name> <realm-admin-name> [realm-admin-passwd] [--force] [--restart]

Example

weka nfs kerberos registration setup-ad myservicename.test.example.com myrealmadmin

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
nfs-service-name*	This refers to the complete domain name for a specific NFS server.
realm-admin-name*	The username of an administrator who has access to the LDAP directory. This user manages the KDC within a realm.
realm-admin-passwd	This parameter is for the password of the administrative user who manages the KDC within a realm. It’s not stored in the configuration for security reasons. If it’s not provided during setup, the system asks for it. The entered password isn’t shown on the screen to protect privacy and security.
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured or registered.	Not used
restart	When used, the command restarts the NFS-W containers after the changes are applied.	Not used

Set up Kerberos to use AD LDAP

Command: weka nfs ldap setup-ad

Use the following command to set up NFS configuration to use AD LDAP:

weka nfs ldap setup-ad [--force] [--no-restart]

Example

weka nfs ldap setup-ad

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured or registered.	Not used
no-restart	When used, it prevents NFS-W containers from restarting to apply changes.	Not used

In a successful operation, the system automatically restarts the NFS containers, leading to a temporary disruption in the IO service for connected NFS clients. However, if you want to avoid restarting the NFS-W containers, add the --no-restart option to the command line.

Integrate Kerberos with MIT

Integrating Kerberos with MIT involves the following:

1. Register Kerberos with MIT

2. Set up Kerberos to use OpenLDAP

Register Kerberos with MIT

Command: weka nfs kerberos registration setup-mit

Use the following command to register the Kerberos with MIT KDC:

weka nfs kerberos registration setup-mit <nfs-service-name> <keytab-file> [--force] [--restart]

To register the Kerberos service with MIT, a pre-generated , stored in an accessible location, is required.

Example

weka nfs kerberos registration setup-mit myservicename.test.example.com myservicename.keytab

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
nfs-service-name*	Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) for the NFS Service. This refers to the complete domain name for a specific NFS server. The hostname part of the FQDN is restricted to a maximum of 20 characters.
keytab-file*	The path to the pre-generated keytab file containing the keys for the NFS service’s unique identity in format.
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured.	Not used
restart	When used, the command restarts the NFS-W containers after the changes are applied.	Not used

Set up Kerberos to use OpenLDAP

Command: weka nfs ldap setup-openldap

Use the following command to set up Kerberos to use OpenLDAP:

weka nfs ldap setup-openldap <server-name> <ldap-domain> <reader-user-name>[reader-user-password] [--base-dn base-dn] [--ldap-port-number ldap-port-number][--force] [--no-restart]

Example

weka nfs ldap setup-openldap myldapserver.test.example.com, myldapdomain.example.com, cn=readonly-user,dc=test,dc=example,dc=com

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
server-name*	Specifies the server hosting the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol service.
ldap-domain*	Defines the domain the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol service will access.
reader-user-name*	The username of an administrative user used to generate the keytab file.
reader-user-password	The administrative user's password. (It is maintained in a configuration file.)
base-dn	The base Distinguished Name (DN) for the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol directory tree.
ldap-port-number	The port number on which the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol server listens.	389
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured or registered.	Not used
no-restart	When used, it prevents NFS-W containers from restarting to apply changes.	Not used

In a successful operation, the system automatically restarts the NFS containers, leading to a temporary disruption in the IO service for connected NFS clients. However, if you want to avoid restarting the NFS-W containers, add the --no-restart option to the command line.

Show Kerberos LDAP setup information

Command: weka nfs ldap show

Example

$ weka nfs ldap show
SERVER TYPE      LDAP DOMAIN      SERVER NAME  SERVER PORT  BASE DN  READER NAME  READER PASSWORD  GENERATION ID  SETUP STATUS
ActiveDirectory  test.wekalab.io               0                                                   1              CONFIGURED

Clear the Kerberos LDAP configuration

Command: weka nfs ldap reset

Use the following command to clear the NFS LDAP configuration:

weka nfs ldap reset [--force] [--no-restart]

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured.	Not used
no-restart	When used, it prevents NFS-W containers from restarting to apply changes.	Not used

Show Kerberos registration information

Command: weka nfs kerberos registration show

Example

$ weka nfs kerberos registration show
NFS SERVICE NAME          NFS KDC TYPE        GENERATION ID      REGISTRATION STATUS
nfs.test.wekalab.io       ActiveDirectory     1                  REGISTERED

Clear Kerberos configuration

Command: weka nfs kerberos reset

Use the following command to clear the NFS Kerberos service configuration:

weka nfs kerberos reset [--force] [--no-restart]

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
force	When used, it forces the action to proceed without further confirmation. Typically used when the service is configured or registered. Use this flag only to clear the configuration created by a previous call to weka nfs kerberos service setup succeeded.	False
no-restart	Prevents NFS-W containers from restarting when applying changes.	False

In a successful operation, the system automatically restarts the NFS containers, leading to a temporary disruption in the IO service for connected NFS clients. However, if you want to avoid restarting the NFS-W containers, add the --no-restart option to the command line.

Update Kerberos configuration during maintenance mode

Once the Kerberos integration with NFS is configured, there might be instances where the Kerberos setup is modified.

Changes to the Kerberos configuration in a production environment are rare. We recommend making any necessary updates during periods of low load from NFS clients, such as when the system are in maintenance mode. This approach helps to minimize potential disruptions to your operations.

Select the relevant tab to learn what to do for each scenario:

KDC

Use this procedure if you want to add or remove a secondary KDC server:

kdc-secondary-server

Procedure

1. Run the command: weka nfs kerberos reset --no-restart --force

2. Run the command: weka nfs kerberos service setup <options>

3. Run one of the following commands:

   • For AD implementation: weka nfs kerberos registration setup-ad <options> --restart

   • For MIT implementation: weka nfs kerberos registration setup-mit <options> --restart

AD

Use this procedure if one of the following is changed:

realm-admin-name
realm-admin-passwd

Procedure

Run the command: weka nfs kerberos registration setup-ad --restart --force

MIT

Use this procedure if one of the following is changed:

keytab-file

Procedure

Run the command: weka nfs kerberos registration setup-mit <options> --restart --force

OpenLDAP

Use this procedure if one of the following is changed:

reader-user-name
reader-user-password

Procedure

• For AD implementation, run the following:

  1. weka nfs ldap reset --no-restart --force

  2. weka nfs ldap <setup-ldap> <options/params>

• For MIT implementation, run the following:

  1. weka nfs ldap reset --no-restart --force

  2. weka nfs ldap <setup-openldap> <options/params>

Configure NFS for LDAP with ACLs (without Kerberos)

Command: weka nfs ldap setup-ad-nokrb

Use the following command to configure NFS to use LDAP for ACLs only when Kerberos is not in use:

weka nfs ldap setup-ad-nokrb <server-name> <ldap-domain> <nfs-service-name> <admin-user-name> [admin-user-password] [--force] [--no-restart]

Parameters

Parameter	Description	Default
server-name*	AD server name.
ldap-domain*	AD domain.
nfs-service-name*	NFS FQDN service name. Maximum 20 characters for hostname in FQDN.
admin-user-name*	AD Admin Name
admin-user-password	AD Admin password
force	Force this action when Active Directory LDAP client is already setup.	False
no-restart	Don't restart the NFS-W containers to apply changes.	False

Manage the NFS export level (permissions)

Define client access groups

Command: weka nfs client-group

Use the following command lines to add/delete a client access group:

weka nfs client-group add <name>

weka nfs client-group delete <name>

Parameters

Name	Value
name*	Valid group name.

Manage client access groups' rules

Clients are part of groups when their IP address or DNS hostname match the rules of that group. Similar to IP routing rules, clients are matched to client groups according to the most specific matching rule.

Command: weka nfs rules

Add DNS-based client group rules

Use the following command lines to add a rule that causes a client to be part of a client group based on its DNS hostname:

weka nfs rules add dns <name> <dns>

Example

weka nfs rules add dns client-group1 hostname.example.com

Delete DNS-based client group rules

Use the following command lines to delete a rule that causes a client to be part of a client group based on its DNS hostname:

weka nfs rules delete dns <name> <dns>

Example

weka nfs rules delete dns client-group1 hostname.example.com

Parameters

Name	Value
name*	Valid client group name.
dns*	DNS rule with *?[] wildcard rules.

Add IP-based client group rules

Command: weka nfs rules

Use the following command lines to add or delete a rule which causes a client to be part of a client group based on its IP and subnet mask (both CIDR and standard subnet mask formats are supported for enhanced flexibility):

weka nfs rules add ip <name> <ip>

Examples

weka nfs rules add ip client-group1 192.168.114.0/8 weka nfs rules add ip client-group2 172.16.0.0/255.255.0.0

Delete IP-based client group rules

weka nfs rules delete ip <name> <ip>

Examples

weka nfs rules delete ip client-group1 192.168.114.0/255.255.255.0 weka nfs rules delete ip client-group2 172.16.0.0/16

Parameters

Name	Value
name*	Valid client group name.
ip*	Valid IP address with subnet mask. Both CIDR and standard subnet mask formats are supported for enhanced flexibility. CIDR format: 1.1.1.1/16 Standard format: 1.1.1.1/255.255.0.0

Manage NFS client permissions

Command: weka nfs permission

Use the following command lines to add NFS permissions:

weka nfs permission add <filesystem> <group> [--path path] [--permission-type permission-type] [--root-squashing root-squashing] [--squash squash] [--anon-uid anon-uid] [--anon-gid anon-gid] [--obs-direct obs-direct] [--manage-gids manage-gids] [--privileged-port privileged-port] [--acl-type acl-type] [--force-acl-type force-acl-type] [--supported-versions supported-versions]... [--enable-auth-types enable-auth-types]... [--no-restart]

Use the following command lines to update NFS permissions:

weka nfs permission update <filesystem> <group> [--path path] [--permission-type permission-type] [--squash squash] [--anon-uid anon-uid] [--anon-gid anon-gid] [--obs-direct obs-direct] [--manage-gids manage-gids] [--privileged-port privileged-port] [--acl-type acl-type] [--force-acl-type force-acl-type] [--supported-versions supported-versions]... [--enable-auth-types enable-auth-types]... [--no-restart]

Use the following command lines to delete NFS permissions:

weka nfs permission delete <filesystem> <group> [--path path]

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
filesystem*	Existing filesystem name. A filesystem with Required Authentication set to ON cannot be used for NFS client permissions.
group*	Existing client group name.
path	The root of the valid share path.	/
root-squashing	Toot squashing is a security feature in NFS that prevents root users on client machines from having root privileges on the NFS server. When enabled, it typically maps the root user to an anonymous UID/GID. Possible values: on, off	off
permission-type	Permission type. Possible values: ro (read-only), rw (read-write)	rw
squash	Permission squashing. Possible values: none, root, all The option 'all' can be used only on interface groups with --allow-manage-gids=on	none
anon-uid*	Anonymous user ID. Relevant only for root squashing. Possible values: 1 to 65535.	65534
anon-gid*	Anonymous user group ID. Relevant only for root squashing. Possible values: 1 to 65535.	65534
obs-direct	See Object-store Direct Mount. Possible values: on, off.	on
manage-gids	Sets external group IDs resolution. The list of group IDs received from the client is replaced by a list determined by an appropriate lookup on the server. Possible values: on, off.	off
privileged-port	Sets the share only to be mounted via privileged ports (1-1024), usually allowed by the root user. Possible values: on, off.	off
acl-type	Specifies the ACL type. Possible values: none, posix, nfsv4, and hybrid. For details, see Access Control List (ACL) in NFS.	Default is determined by the NFS global configuration.
force-acl-type	Forces a change to the ACL type for existing permissions on the same filesystem. Possible values: on or off.	off
supported-versions	A comma-separated list of supported NFS versions. Possible values: v3, v4.	The default-supported-versions setting in NFS global settings determines the default NFS version.
enable-auth-types	A comma-separated list of NFS authentication types. Possible values are determined by the enable-auth-types in NFS global settings.	The default-auth-types in NFS global settings determine the default.
no-restart	Prevents NFS-W containers from restarting when applying changes.	False

View connected NFS clients

Command: weka nfs clients show

Use the following command line to view insights of NFS clients connected to the NFS-W cluster in JSON output format.

weka nfs clients show [--interface-group interface-group] [--container-id container-id] [--fip floating-ip] [--fsnames fsnames]...

Parameters

Name	Value	Default
interface-group	Interface group name. A filter to show only the clients connected to the containers in the specified group.	The output shows all clients connected to any container in the NFS-W cluster regardless of the assigned interface group.
container-id	NFS-W container ID. A filter to show only the clients connected to the specified container ID.	The output shows all clients connected to any container in the NFS-W cluster.
fip	Destination floating IP address.	The output shows all clients connected to all floating IP addresses.
fsnames	A comma-separated list of filesystems.	All NFS exported filesystems are selected.